This ILO working paper examines the potential global effects of generative AI, particularly GPT-4, on job quantity and quality. The analysis suggests that augmentation, not full automation, will be the primary outcome, with clerical occupations—and women—most affected. The study calls for proactive policies that prioritize job quality, fair transitions, and social dialogue.

"This study assesses the potential global exposure of occupations to Generative AI, particularly GPT-4. It predicts that the overwhelming effect of the technology will be to augment occupations, rather than to automate them. The greatest impact is likely to be in high and upper-middle income countries due to a higher share of employment in clerical occupations. As clerical jobs are an important source of female employment, the effects are highly gendered. Insights from this study underline the need for proactive policies that focus on job quality, ensure fair transitions, and that are based on dialogue and adequate regulation."

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• Working paper summary
• Source: ILO publication page